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3D analysis of rapid alternating movements in spasticity
Hradecká, Marie ; Hojková, Klára (advisor) ; Honzátková, Lenka (referee)
Spasticity is a manifestation of a central motoneuron disorder; the cause of the disorder may be trauma, ischemia, hemorrhage, inflammation or tumor. Even nowadays, it is difficult to define the pathophysiological mechanisms of spasticity, as well as to establish treatment. The aim of this study was to examine the immediate and long-term effect of rapid alternating movements training on stride length in the affected lower limb in spastic paresis. The theoretical part is devoted to a summary of the knowledge about central motoneuron syndrome, examination and its treatment. The practical part includes examination and evaluation of the effect of of rapid alternating movements exercises using 3D kinematic analysis and a questionnaire.
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Kinesiological changes of feet by wearing barefoot
Vondrášková, Anna ; Tolar, Jan (advisor) ; Demeková, Júlia (referee)
The bachelor thesis deals with the possible influence of barefoot shoes on kinesiology and kinetic parameters of gait. In the theoretical part there is a brief description of anatomy of the human foot, foot arch and movements. The kinesiology of gait is also described here. The theoretical part also deals with the problem of walking in barefoot shoes and explaining the basic parameters of barefoot shoes. Finally, the results of studies already underway on this issue are summarized. In the practical part we have devoted our research to the selected gait parameters that can be influenced by the wearing of barefoot shoes. The measurements were carried out on two groups of subjects, each with 6 tested persons, one of whom wore barefoot shoes instead of normal shoes, and the other subject did not wear barefoot shoes. The data was measured on the Zebris FDM by walking analysis. The results were then compared between the two subject groups. These gait parameters were measured and evaluated: step length, maximum pressure on the variant parts of foot during walking, and contact time of each part of foot with the surface. The resulting values showed a trend mainly in the load of the foot, in the sense of higher pressure mainly on the area of the middlefoot. Also, the contact time with the surface showed...
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Line search in descent methods
Moravová, Adéla ; Tichý, Petr (advisor) ; Vlasák, Miloslav (referee)
In this thesis, we deal with descent methods for functional minimalization. We discuss three conditions for the choice of the step length (Armijo, Goldstein, and Wolfe condition) and four descent methods (The steepest descent method, Newton's method, Quasi-Newton's method BFGS and the conjugate gradient method). We discuss their convergence properties and their advantages and dis- advantages. Finally, we test these methods numerically in the GNU Octave pro- gramming system on three different functions with different number of variables. 1
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Stance and gait analysis using ZEBRIS FDM-T System in patients with scoliosis
Bulánová, Kateřina ; Lepšíková, Magdaléna (advisor) ; Opálková, Michaela (referee)
The thesis deals with the issue of walking and standing in patients with a scoliosis. The theoretical part of this thesis summarizes current knowledge of scoliosis, its classification, etiology, pathogenesis and risk factors of the curve progression. Then the most often changes of the stand and gait stereotype and their main causes are discussed. Goal of the practical part was to identify the difference between particular parameters of gait in an experimental group of patients with scoliosis and a control group of healthy individuals. The examination was performed via the dynamic plantography method using the Zebris FDM-T System. 19 probands with scoliosis aged 8 - 19 and a control group of 19 orthopedically healthy patients in a corresponding age distribution have been selected for the study. The results did not provide any statistically significant difference on a significance level p=0,05. However, there were clear differences between the groups referring to bigger asymmetries in stance and gait stereotype in the scoliosis patients group. Since even in a scientific literature there is a difference in opinion on this issue, more research might be necessary for the exact evaluation of the influence of scoliosis on the stance and gait stereotype.
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Dependance of the gait parameters on a stature of an adult
Maštalková, Petra ; Vilímek, Miloslav (advisor) ; Goldmann, Tomáš (referee)
Title: Dependance of the gait parameters on a stature of an adult Objectives: The main aim of this study is to find out how the gait parameters depends on a stature of an adult. Another aim of this study is to compare these parameters between group of men and group of women. Methods: This thesis is type of descriptive - association research. In the practical part was used method of comparison for locomotion of people. As an objectification method was chosen 3D kinematic analysis of gait, which was performed using the Qualisys. Results: It was found that the dependence on a stature subject to the step length, pelvic rotation, flexion of a front knee, frequency and walking speed. Linear dependence on a stature is not subject to the the angle between femurs and flexion of a back knee. It was also found that the values of parameters which have the highest rate of variability reach a relatively low angular values. These parameters include the angle of rotation of a pelvis and the angle of flexion of a front knee. Opposite qualities shows the angle between femurs, which reaches the highest value, but clearly has the lowest rate of variability. Keywords: gait, footstep lenght, double support, stature
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Vliv jezdce na délku kroku u koně
VRABČEKOVÁ, Monika
The mechanics of movement is one of the performance indicators of horses. It is influenced by internal and external factors. This thesis analyses how the rider's proficiency effects the length of steps of a walking and trotting horse. This experiment involves five horses of different breeds from ZF JU Ceske Budejovice and four riders of different proficiency levels (beginner, intermediate, advanced and a professional).These parameters were tested using video recordings: walking speed, the length of the step, the elevation height of the front left leg and the back left leg, the angle of the nose to the ground and the angle of the cheeks when walking and trotting. Measurements proved that the rider's proficiency and ability has statistically very high effect on the mechanics of the horse's movement, especially in relation to the elevation height of the legs, the length of the steps and speed. As the rider's proficiency level increases the walking speed and the elevation height of the legs also increase and the steps become longer. The nose angle got close to 90° with an increased level of rider's proficiency and the level of the angle of the cheeks decreased.The biggest differences were found between a beginner and a professional on a trotting horse. The differences were smaller when the horse was walking rather than trotting, however they still showed the same trend.The results found show that the rider has a significant effect on the mechanics of movement. A horse with a rider of higher proficiency can achieve better results and is able to demonstrate its abilities better. This can be used in races, exhibitions or horse sales.
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Objektivní hodnocení mechaniky pohybu hříbat chladnokrevných koní
KOČVAROVÁ, Ivana
Goal of this study was to assess movement mechanics quality of cold-blooded breed foals (being bred in rearing houses), determine changes in movement mechanics as the breeding advances, and spot possible differences between the cold-blooded breeds in an objective manner.Quality of movement was tracked in two breeding houses in the years 2014 and 2015 and 48 stallion foals aged one, two and three years were included in this study. 24 stallions were of the breed Czech-Moravian Belgian horse, 15 Silesian Noriker and 9 Noriker. All stallions had been weighed in three-month intervals, 13 body measurements were taken and video technology was used to record their movement while being led. Recording was used to determine stride length and height span of right front and right hind leg movement. 354 measurements have been evaluated. Walk characteristics were determined at standardized movement speed of 75m.min-1. Foals bred at an altitude of 650 m were found to have flatter and longer strides than those bred at an altitude of 420 m. The outcome of inter-breed comparison was that Silesian Noriker have the longest stride, while Noriker have the biggest limb movement span. As foals grew older, stride length got slightly longer, while the limb movement span remained without major alterations.
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